Thursday, February 3, 2011

ETIQUETTES-1


ORIGIN OF ETIQUETTES

1.     Etiquette: Sign or ‘etiquette’ at the court of Lois XIV, saying “Keep off the grass” later days meaning ‘ticket’ to court functions giving directives on where to stand and what to do (Or French for ‘conduct’ or practice of good breeding in society, deemed of greater importance, in 16th century France, then bathing). “Etiquette” also believed desired from verb ‘estiquer’ (to attach); first become. “I’ etiquette” or list of rules attached to posts in palace courtyards.

2.     While one cannot state exactly where and when it all began the east, interestingly was a lot more refined than the west. One of the theories is that the many rules of the etiquette were created for the entertainment of bored nobles at the French court. The idea of etiquette began with the tradition of generosity and hospitality. Formal behaviour, originating from France, came to England, initially as chivalry and protocol. In time, manners evolved as part of the class system, strictly for the upper echelons.

WHAT IS ETIQUETTE?

3.     Etiquette is the system of rules and conventions that regulate social and professional behaviors. In any social unit there are norms of behaviors mandated by custom and enforced by group pressure while an offender may face no trail for its breach, the penalty lies in the disapproval of others. However following describe etiquette: -

(a)    Etiquette/Etiket (noun):       The customary code of polite behaviors in society or among members of a particular profession or group.
(b)    Etiquette is not just about doing or saying. It’s about being. It’s an attitude that makes other and yours life easier.
(c)    Etiquette is not about being rigidly stuck with in the confines of rules.
(d)    Etiquettes need to be internalized and make a regular part of our behaviors, till it becomes second nature.
(e)    Etiquettes is not a sign of weakness, it is a mark of class (you’re not polite solely for the others sake, but for your own sake as well. Among other things you are building up your own social skills).



WHY ETIQUETTE?

4.     Etiquettes are must for following reasons: -

        (a)    By practicing it, you show respect.
        (b)    Because small things make a big difference.
        (c)    To facilitate smoother relationships.
        (d)    Because a lot of bad behaviors is unintentional.

FIVE KEY WORDS

5.     The cruse of the etiquettes lies in following five key words: -
       
        (a)    Hello
        (b)    Please
        (c)    Thank you
        (d)    Sorry
        (e)    Well done

WHY GOOD MANNERS

6.     Good manners must be part of grooming and are essential for reasons given below: -

        (a)    Good manners are important at home and in public.
        (b)    Helps family, friends, colleagues etc.
        (c)    Put others at ease and make them more cooperative.
        (d)    Patterned on courtesy and kindness towards others.
        (e)    Helps one stay in control of actions and behaviors.

THE OLAF FORMULA

7.     Observe
        Listen
        Ask
        Follow

OBSERVING THE FORMULA

8.     Follow
        Observe
        Respect
        Moderation
        Underplay
        Listen
        Acknowledge

POISE, NOT PERFECTION

9.     Instead of attempting to display affection in all aspects of etiquette, which would be near impossible, it would be more practiced to act with poise, civility and bearing politeness doesn’t cost you anything and gets you everything.

BASIS GUIDELINES

10.   Be friendly
        Be Polite
        Be helpful
        Be genuine
        Be prepared
        Be soft spoken
        Be composed
        Be low profile

THE 3 ‘R’S OF ETIQUETTE

11.   Respect, Restrain, Reciprocate.

12.   Manners matter, they help build confidence in terms of knowing what to do in different situations.

SIMPLE TEST

13.   Ask, “How would I feel under the circumstances?”

MAJOR “NO – NO’S, THE UNLUCKY 13

14.   (a)    Not keeping your words.
        (b)    Inconveniencing the client.
        (c)    Being obnoxious.
        (d)    Being late.
        (e)    Holding back information.
        (f)     Personal Hygiene.
        (g)    Slovenly appearance
        (h)    Sexiest or racist remarks.
        (j)     Dirty bathrooms.
        (k)    Physical contact.
        (l)     Disrespecting raised cows.
 
15.   In unfamiliar situations use common sense and good judgments.

GOLDEN RULES

16.   (a)    Do unto others……….
        (b)    Value the others time
        (c)    Like the customer, the visitor is king.
        (d)    While in Rome don’t do as the Americans do.         
        (e)    Smile naturally. Don’t grimace, just smile.
        (f)     Drop the accent.
(g)    Don’t take enthusiasm.
        (h)    Engage mind before putting mouth in gear.
        (j)     Sincerity shows, unfortunately so does insincerity.
        (k)    When you’re with someone, actually be with him.
        (l)     You don’t have to be funny.
        (m)   Honesty is the best policy after life insurance.
        (n)    Silence is OK too.

EARLY DAYS

        “A man’s manners are a mirror in which he shows his portrait.”

                                                                                - Goethe

THE ART OF INTRODUCTION

17.   The preliminary step in meeting another individual or in bringing two individuals together for the first time. Introductions are imperative for furthering the relationship. How one comes across in the first meeting plays a major role in determining how one is sized up, evaluated and whether the other wishes to continue the acquaintance.

18.   ON BEING INTRODUCED

        (a)    Smile, make eye contact, give your name, shake firmly.
        (b)    Imprint the name firmly in your mind.
        (c)    If you’re forgotten, ask again (Next time, remember)
        (d)    If inaudible, ask to repeat.
        (e)    Spell out (or shorten) your own name if necessary.
        (f)     “Hello” is better than “Hi” the first time.
        (g)    When necessary, introduce yourself.
        (h)    Don’t greet someone more enthusiastically than others.
        (j)     Pick up leads and continue conversations.
        (k)    Keeps self introductions ready, a brief statement about yourself and what you do.
        (l)     You don’t get second chance to make first impression.

19.   ON MAKING INTRODUCTION

        (a)    Pronounce the name correctly.
        (b)    Introduce a new comer to the group.
        (c)    Follows the hierarchy of introductions. Introduce less important to more important. Add a little about the person.
        (d)    Mention something two portions have in common.
        (e)    Introduce everyone without leaving anyone out.
        (f)     Do not introduce when not necessary.

20.   HIERARCHY OF INTRODUCTION

        (a)    Less important to more important
        (b)    Highest rank official introduced first.
        (c)    Subordinate to superior.
        (d)    Man to woman.
        (e)    Younger to older.
        (f)     Insider to outsider.

21.   EARLY DAYS  
        A gentleman must be careful introducing someone he does not know well to a lady friend in his acquaintance. He may ask, there is a chap here named ‘X’ who would like to meet you, shall I introduces you?” To which, the young lady may reply, “Please do” or “I’d rather not.”

CONVERSATION “THE LOST SKILL”

22.   Although supposed by most basic of social skills, requiring apparently no special acumen or know-how, sorely do people realise the importance of conversing well while speaking and listening are often thought to be inversely related with each other being at the expense of the other, in reality, they need to be balanced with more, weight given to latter. Everyone has a strong to tell or is looking for an audience. All one needs to do most of the time is just be there for them.

22.   FIGURE OF SPEECH

        (a)    Speech & language define who you are.
        (b)    Speech is the window of intellect.
        (c)    Bad or vulgar speech patterns stuck out a mile.
        (d)    Speech is of prime importance in work and relationship as you begin the social experiment of life.

23.   ON CONVERSING WELL MAINTAINED
       
(a)    Be well read in general.
        (b)    Be upto date on issues.
        (c)    Know your product & market well.
        (d)    Equip yourself with a wide base of knowledge.
        (e)    Don’t race, pause often.
        (f)     Keep your wits about you.

24.   SOME DO’S

        (a)    Relax, if you do, so will the other person.
        (b)    Speak in short simple sentences free of jargon.
        (c)    Focus on the person you are talking to.
        (d)    Adhere to the topic of discussion.
        (e)    Talk about things which are agreeable to the listener.
        (f)     Inquire about the other person.
        (g)    Practice the art of tactful under statement.
        (h)    Exercise tact and restraint while speaking.
        (j)     Humour is fine, as long as it is not offensive.
        (k)    Fill in late comers on what is being discussed.
        (l)     Pause if someone’s phone rings in mid conversation.
        (m)   Establish a link for future meeting, if desired.

25.   SOME DON’TS

        (a)    Don’t be crude, loud, and obnoxious.
        (b)    Don’t take the accent.
        (c)    Resist repeating yourself.
        (d)    Refrain from voicing strong opinion.
        (e)    Don’t let your attention wander.
        (f)     Avoid looking over the persons shoulder.
        (g)    Try not to say anything insensitive or embarrassing.
        (h)    Don’t appear self opiniated, cynical or all knowing.
        (j)     Shun generalization, swearing, off colour jokes.
        (k)    Steer clear of bluffing, if not sure of something.
        (l)     Don’t speak in a language that al can’t follow.
        (m)   Avoid “door slammers” or strongly contradictory.

26.   Special Pointers

        (a)    Speak only when necessary.
        (b)    If not sure, admit it.
        (c)    Eye contact should be direct not intense.
        (d)    Choose a topic that interests everyone.
        (e)    Don’t indulge in name dropping.
        (f)     Don’t impose your point of view on others.
        (g)    Venture an opinion only when asked.
        (h)    Don’t interrupt and finish sentences for others.
        (j)     Don’t wait for a pause to get your bit in.
        (k)    Don’t get carried away or rush through the conversation.
        (l)     Avoid false praise and self effusiveness.
        (m)   Brush up on the background of the person you are meeting.
        (n)    The oldest rule of the game, “It is not what you say that counts but how you say it.”
        (o)    To the other guy, you have the accent.
        (p)    The less men think, more they talk.
        (q)    Everyone you meet something of interest he have to tell you.
        (r)     Silence is one great art of conversation.
        (s)    Regardless of what you actually say, people will know where you are coming from.
       
27.   Watch out

(a)    Introduce yourself, smile and try not to say anything      absurd.
(b)    When asked how you are, don’t issue a detailed health bulletin.
(c)    Weather is usually a bad topic, unless its on everyone’s mind.
        (d)    Do not brag, dominate the conversation or go on endlessly.
        (e)    Don’t look around for someone more interesting.
        (f)     Bad conversation clichés are best left unsaid.
        (g)    Don’t bare your soul to all.
        (h)    Avoid involved conversation with others.
        (g)    If the talk veers into uncomfortable areas, change the subject.
        (j)     Above all, don’t let the discussion turn into an argument.
        (k)    Don’t talk about your family, unless the other knows them.
        (l)     The art of conversation is not a gift one is born, but a skill that can be cultivated.
(m)   If you are comfortable with yourself, you’ll be able to make others comfortable in a conversation.

28.   Taboo Topics:-                Age, Salary, Polities, Family, marriage, Relationships, Race & Religion official & confidential issues, Financial matters, Illness Personal Appearance, Gender soles & Sacred Cows.

29.   Welcome Topics: -    Sports, Culture, Arts, Travel, Tourism & Food.

30.   The Untouchables

        (a)    The Bore (Talks only about himself)
        (b)    The now it all (Wants to play can-you-top-this)
        (c)    The loud mouth (Crude, aggravating, boorish)
        (d)    The whiner (Complains a lot)
        (e)    The ferret (Asks personal questions)
        (f)     The Entertainer (Wants to be centre of attraction)
        (g)    The Scanner (Scans the room for someone more interesting.
        (h)    The linguistic (Wants to show off his foreign language skills)
        (j)     Some things are best left unsaid.

31.   Frame it as a Question

        (a)    Would it be alright if…….. ?
        (b)    Do you think you could………?
        (c)    Would it be possible to………..?
        (d)    Would you like to…………?
        (e)    I wonder if I may……….?
        (f)     Perhaps you could……….?

32.   Other Soft Expressions

        (a)    I am afraid…….
        (b)    I wonder if……….
        (c)    I’m not so sure about that………
        (d)    If it’s not a problem………
        (e)    If you don’t mind………
        (f)     Perhaps you could try…….
        (g)    It might be a good idea to………

33.   Agree to Disagree

        (a)    I could be wrong if……….
        (b)    Based on what I know……..
        (c)    My experience has been that……….
        (d)    I really don’t know if………..
        (e)    I am not so sure about that………….
        (f)     From what I have heard…………
        (g)    Yes, but don’t you think………..

34.   Quotable Quips

(a)    “A fox is one who talks about himself when you want to talk about yourself”.
(b)    “Be polite to bores and you shall always have bores around you”.
(c)    “Those who take part in social conversation are bound to be either the bores or the bored and what you choose to be is a mere matter of selection.”
(d)    “It is better to stay quiet and have people think you are fool than to speak up and remove all doubts”.
(e)    “The sins of commission are far greater than the sins of Omission’, regrets are seldom for things left unsaid.

SOCIAL GRACES & COURTESIES

35.   Poise and demeanor steer the course of our lives, the way you talk, act or react instantly, reveal a lot about you and subsequently you are responsible for the way people see you and respond towards you. Each little act of grace or courtesy shown earns you precious brownie points. And despite all the seams of pages written on any treatise as social graces, the first two words will always be “please” and “Thank you”.

36.   Quotable Quotes/Quips

(a)    “The smallest courtesies sweetens life, the greater ennobles it.”
                                                                                        - Bovee.
(b)    “Life is not so short but there is always enough time for courtesy”.
                                                                                        - Emerson
(c)    “Nothing is ever lost by courtesy. It is the cheapest of the pleasures. Costs nothing and conveys much. It pleases whom who gives and him receives and thus like mercy, is twice blessed”.                                                               -Era Stus Wimen

        (d)    “Men, like bullets, go farthest when they are smoothest.”
                                                                                - Jean Ruhter.
(e)    “Despite all the realms of pages written on any treatise on social grease, the first two words will always be “Please” & Thank you”.

37.   Some Do’s

        (a)    Taking a little extra effort.
        (b)    Curving assistance where needed.
        (c)    Holding open door.
        (d)    Offering the cab to someone.
        (e)    Waiting you turn in a queue.
        (f)     Always being on time.
        (g)    Knocking before entering.
        (h)    Opening the door gently.
        (j)     Allowing the others to pass first.
        (k)    Sharing what you have.
        (l)     Asking permission before interrupting.
        (m)   Not taking up too much of people time.
        (n)    Returning what you borrow.
        (o)    Getting you own if you need to borrow often.
        (p)    Asking permission before using someone’s belongings.
       
38.   A true master of etiquettes appears simple and unpretentious, existing neither on false importance nor on formalities.

39.   SOME DONT’S

        (a)    Staring or pointing at someone.
        (b)    Turning your back at someone.
        (c)    Glancing at one’s personal items.
        (d)    Yelling across the room.
        (e)    Eaves dropping on conversation.
        (f)     Arguing or swearing in front of others.
        (g)    Laughing at others mistake.
        (h)    Nit-picking about trivial matters.
        (j)     Bothering others with you problems.
        (k)    Making a scene in public.
        (l)     Indulging in or encouraging gossip.
        (m)   Fishing for compliments.
        (n)    Inquiring about someone’s medications.
        (o)    Asking someone how much some one paid for their clothes.
        (p)    Walking away or being inattentive while being spoken to.
        (q)    Don’t be rude to the rude person.
       
40.   SPECIAL POINTERS
       
        (a)    Treat everyone with respect, irrespective of age, status etc.
        (b)    Be tactful, attentive, respectful, diplomatic.
        (c)    Appreciable, acknowledge, applaud.
        (d)    Concede a point graciously.
        (e)    Apologise when you are wrong.
        (f)     Avoid unpleasantness wherever possible.
        (g)    Keep tabs on people birthdays, interests, children names etc.
        (h)    Stay in touch through cards, letters, gifts.
        (j)     Remember few ours & reciprocate. 
        (k)    Respect others need for privacy.
        (l)     Write down things if you tend to forget.
        (m)   Reimburse only expense incurred on your acct.
        (n)    Apologise for forgetting to do what you promised.
        (o)    Quite simply, make life little pleasant to someone.
        (p)    Lacking of polish is little more than lack of education.

41.   POISE & DEMEANOR

        (a)    Poise & demeanor steer the course of our lives.
        (b)    Poise includes the way you walk, talk & carry yourself.
        (c)    “Walking Tall” is more than just a movie.
        (d)    A good posture and upright figure demotes character.
        (e)    Do not sit on the edge of the chair or slump.
        (f)     Sit gracefully on a chair without planking down.
        (g)    Avoid making wild & unnecessary gestures.
        (h)    Do not show your impatience openly
        (j)     Modesty, honesty, politeness and sincerity are a mark of true class.

(k)    The ability to handle social situations suggests the skill to handle other things with equal ease.

42.   On saying “Sorry”

        (a)    When you inconvenience someone.
        (b)    Accidentally bumping or coming in the way.
        (c)    Admitting to a goof up.
        (d)    Turning someone down.
        (e)    Polite form of disagreement.
        (f)     Not keeping a commitment.
        (g)    Not returning a call promptly.
        (h)    Being late for an appointment.

43.   Minding your P’s & Thank Q’s
       
        (a)    Each time someone does something for you, than the person.
        (b)    Acknowledge the people regardless of how often you have to do it.
        (c)    If some one has helped you out during a visit, voice your appreciation.
        (d)    Always call or send a thank you note at the earliest.
        (e)    Subordinates and helper should also be thanked.
        (f)     It takes a very little to thank someone for an act of kindness.
        (g)    However, when not done, it is noted.
       
44.   Elevator Etiquette
       
        (a)    Wait you turn.
        (b)    Inquire about the other’s floor.
        (c)    Don’t crowd.
        (d)    Don’t talk loudly.
        (e)    Avoid personal or business talk.
        (f)     Don’t prod with your belongings.
        (g)    Refrain from using the cell phone.
        (h)    Be nice to people on your way up; you may meet them on your way down.

45.   She’s a lady

        (a)    Victorian ideals are not necessary old fashioned.
        (b)    Poise, charm and a certain detailment are quite appealing.
        (c)    Keep public sentiments in mind.
        (d)    Learn & cultivate a quiet sense of confidence.
        (e)    Dress modestly and taste fully.
        (f)     Do not become a slave to fads.
        (g)    Clothing should not be too fleshy tight, revealing or bizarre.
        (h)    Use make up to enhance, not overpower.
        (j)     Wear accessories & jewelry selectively.
        (k)    Don’t dress provocatively to garner business.
        (l)     A lady is a woman around whom a man behaves like a gentleman.
        (m)   A lady who wishes to be treated like one must behave as one.
       
46.   IN MIXED COMPANY

        (a)    The gentleman walks ahead of the lady coming down the stairs.
        (b)    The gentleman lets the lady walks on the curbside to protect her from splashes & traffic.
        (c)    The gentleman follows the lady to the table at a restaurant.
        (d)    The gentleman precedes the lady to the car, theatre or cinema, to open the door.
        (e)    Chivalry is not yet dead.

CLOTHING, GROOMING & HYGIENE

47.   “Clothes makes man”, more than that they “maketh” her expression, long before he has even begun to speak. In fact, very often, they speak for him. Constantly and precariously walking the tight rope between comfort and fashion, our choice of ward robe constitutes one of the most important decision for us, in our personal and professional lives. Small wonder then that a multi-million dollar apparel industry continues to serve up myriad choices for us, ensuring that we are “dressed to the hilt”, filled with confidence and ready to seize the day.

48.   Why dress well?
       
        (a)    To appear neat, clean, presentable.
        (b)    To appear successful.
        (c)    To appear capable.
        (d)    To show respect.

49.   Rudiments of Good Grooming       Wash you hands, comb you hair, dress well, bathe regularly.

50.   Golden Rules of Grooming

        (a)    Grooming covers hair, clothing & body.
        (b)    Grooming & Hygiene never go out of fashion.
        (c)    Optimize aesthetics & comfort.
        (d)    Everything doesn’t suit everyone.
        (f)     Be neat and orderly in general.
        (g)    The first impression is often the last.

51.   Clothing & Accessories

        (a)    Dress to suit your face, figure, personality.
        (b)    When in doubt, dress conservative.
        (c)    Adopt fashion & Shades that suit you.
        (d)    Avoid a jarring, distracting look.
        (e)    Sub deed colour usually work best.
        (f)     Bring out you best feature.
        (g)    Socks should not have holes.
        (h)    Keep shoes polished too.
        (j)     Be dissent and attractive without being garish and flamboyant.

52.   Other Grooming Tips    

        (a)    Clothes must be perfect cut, fit, metrical.
        (b)    Dross for the climate and activity.
        (c)    Always carry clean kerchief and comb.
        (d)    Ensure clothes are ironed out & wrinkle free.
(e)    Remember, light shades dirty quicker.
(f)     Keep the local dress code in mind.
(g)    Pack something formal as well.
(h)    Don’t be too casual or a fuddy-duddy.
(j)     Keep nails short & clean.
(k)    Check your appearance before meetings & after car rides.
(l)     Don’t keep checking your reflection.
(m)   Don’t let your pocket budge.
(n)    Dab perfume without racking of it.
(o)    Appear physically fit and healthy.

53.   Additional Pointers
        (a)    Don’t economies on the full dress.
        (b)    Go easy on the chairs, scarves, pins, badges etc.
        (c)    Male jewelry is chosen with discrimination.
        (d)    Shave daily, trim your nails, keep your hair short.
        (e)    Pick the days wardrobe to fit the occasion.
        (f)     Do not wear the same outfit two days successively.
        (g)    Remember each country’s colour taboos (nothing bright in England, nothing yellow in middle for instance.

54.   Elements of Hygiene

        (a)    Make sure hands & nails are clean.
        (b)    Cover mouth while coughing or sneezing.
        (c)    Don’t scratch, sniff or pick you nose.
        (d)    Watch out for a bad breath & stained teeth.
        (e)    Use a deodorant if necessary.
(f)     Avo8id blowing into your Kerchief in Public.
(g)    Don’t wipe your nose on the sleeve.
(h)    Don’t wipe your hands on objects near by.
(j)     Keep a box of tissues handy.
(k)    Avoid eating at your desk at office.
(l)     Use mints or brash after consuming strong foods.
(m)   Keep the rest rooms clean.
(n)    Keep your toilet clean.
(o)    Don’t emerge from the tap with dripping hands.
(p)    Change your socks regularly.
(q)    Keep your feet clean too.
(r)     Don’t make loud badly sounds – like belching clearing your throat etc.
(s)    Even if you belong to Vatican, you will be considered a sex kitten if you dress like one.

55.   Early days: -    The well healed gentleman is a contradiction of sorts. While his clothes must be perfect, they should not appear like they were paid much attention to. Instead, they must look like they are part of him. If he has three suits, he must wear them only every third day.


                                                                           continued in ETIQUETTES-2

Wednesday, February 2, 2011

ISLAM ON ANIMALS




Allah loves every one of the creatures. He has made, and therefore the principals of mercy and compassion are to be extended to every living creature. All creatures are Allah’s children and those dearest to Allah are those who treat his children kindly.

Cruelty to animals is totally forbidden in Islam. This ruling applies in any country and in every circumstance particularly where animals are used to work for humans, or to provide dairy produce or their flesh to eat. It applies particularly to the method of killing animals where their flesh is required for our tables. Muslims are required by Allah to:-
              
“Feed for the love of Allah, the indigent, the orphan and the captive, (saying)‘we feed you for the sake of Allah alone; no reward do we desire from you, nor thanks.’ (76:8-9)


In this passage, many scholars include the dumb animals that are under subjection to humanity in the category of ‘captive’, these animals must be properly fed, housed and looked after, and the righteous person does not forget them. Beasts of burden should never carry or pull loads too heavy, and it is totally against the spirit of Islam to allow horses, donkeys, bullocks or any other animal used to drag carriages or carts too heavy for them, to labour until they are exhausted, or until their flesh has raw patches and sores.

Kindness also requires that the manes and tails of horses are left in their natural condition. Prophet said that do not cut the tails forelock, manes or tails of horses, for their tails are their means of driving flies away, their manes provide them with warmth, and blessing is tied to their forelock. Animals should be kept in as natural state as possible, and therefore the castration of male animals is regarded s a cruel and unnatural practice and forbidden. 

HUNTING

Islam teaches that a person should never hunt just for sport, but may only take the life of animal for food or other useful purpose. If someone kills a sparrow for sport, the sparrow will cry out o the Day of Judgment, ‘O Lord! That person killed me for nothing! He did not kill me for any useful purpose! ’Whoever kills anything bigger then a sparrow without a just cause, Allah will hold him accountable for it. The listener asked, ‘O’ Messenger of Allah, what is just cause? He replied, ‘He kills to eat, not to simply chop off its head and then throw it away’. If a creature can be tamed or controlled by humans so that it may be properly slaughtered in due course, it is forbidden to hunt it.   

When an animal or bird (such as hawk or a dog) is a natural predator, it cannot be blamed for doing what comes naturally to it, since Allah has created the instinct in the creature. The deliberate cruelty is never to be encouraged. All hunting should only be for food, and any animal used for hunting should be very well trained, always under control, and not clumsy or savage. The criteria for a trained animal are that when it is called, it responds, when commanded it hunts, and when restrained it stops immediately. The dog or hawk must not eat the hunted creature itself.

If you send your dog after the game, and it eats part of it, you should not eat it, for the dog has hunted the game itself and not for you; but if kills without eating it, you can eat it as it has caught it for its master (Bhukhari & Muslim). If possible one should reach the hunted beast while there is still life in it, and slaughter it, and slaughter in the halal way. When you set your dog (for the chase), mention the name of Allah. If he catches the game and you reach it while it is still alive, cut its throat. If a animal is hunted with a weapon, the weapon should not be cruel( like a club for bludgeoning), but efficient such as spear, sword or bullet (would pierce the animal) and not such as would club it or throttle it. Throwing stones at or clubbing a wounded animal is totally forbidden.  

“Forbidden to you are the flesh of that which has died a natural death, and that which has been killed by strangling or beating or by falling or by being gored, and that which has been (partially) eaten by a wild beast expect that which you make lawful by slaughtering (before his death)…(5:4). This prohibition reveals Allah’s kindness to animals in several ways. It shows concern for human beings, that they do not harm themselves by eating meat from an animal that might have died from eating something poisonous itself, or that was diseased; it shows concern for other wild animals and birds that are flesh eaters, since the carcasses of animals left lying are a source of food and are devoured by them; and it encourages humans to look after animal and see to it that they do not die of disease and malnutrition and if an animal in their charge becomes diseased, either a cure will be sought for it, or it will be humanely slaughtered. 

BLOOD SPORT

The Blessed Prophet forbade any so called ‘sport’ which involved goading animals into fighting each other a common enough practice in his time. By the same principle, all modern existing blood sports such fox-hunting, big game hunting, badger, bear or dog-baiting, or fights to the death between cockerels, are also condemned. 

THE LUXURY TRADE 
The idea of humans clubbing baby seals in order to get their fur for luxury garments is abhorrent to a Muslim. Any destruction of animal life simply to satisfy the desires of wealthy cannot be approved of, however, the beloved Prophet did not approve of deliberate waste. If an animal died, the prohibition was only against eating of flesh. Proper use should be made of its skin, horns, bones and hair.

Ibn Abbas recorded: The freed maid servant of the Prophet’s wife Maymunah was given a sheep and it died. The Prophet passed by its carcass and said: ‘Why did you not take its skin to be tanned and use it? They replied: ‘But it is dead.’ The Prophet said ‘What is prohibited is eating it’. 

FACTORY FARMING 
Farming in itself is perfectly allowable, and a good way of caring for animals. But sadly some modern methods of farming have become extremely unnatural and cruel, and deprive the animals of all enjoyment of life. Keeping livestock in cramped and dark conditions and force-feeding them unnatural food in order to make them grow so quickly that their natural life is unreasonably shortened are forbidden. Millions of ‘battery- farmed’ chickens have a life of no more then from egg to table and can hardly stand because their body weight has been artificially increased.

Raising larger livestock in closely confined spaces, also forbidden. This applies to the ‘battery’ methods of growing calves and pigs for the table and any other kind of animal those are not given enough room to turn around. Any slaughter of farm animals should be done with sensitivity and not in conditions that cause panic, pain and distress to the animals. 

ANIMALS IN CONFINEMENT 
Some animals are kept in appalling conditions either for factory-farming purposes, or in zoos. It’s against the spirit of Islam to keep any animal tied up, in dirty conditions or confined in a small space just for human convenience. The Prophet once made his companions free two little captive birds. Muslims believe that humans who treat animals and birds in a cruel manner will be answerable for their actions on the Day of Judgment. 

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT AND VIVISECTION 
It has been commonplace in our modern world for various experiments to be tried out on animals for all sorts of reasons. Some of these are genuinely beneficial to humanity, and involve progress in medicine and medical welfare. Others are for cosmetic purposes, or involve testing reactions to various substances, even to cigarettes. Following the principle of compassion and kindness towards all Allah’s creations, any experimentation simply for reasons of luxury goods or vanity, are totally forbidden. Muslims should inquire carefully if the products they buy have been produced by halal methods, in other words, without inflicting any cruelty on any other living thing.

In he matter of medical progress, if there was no possible alternative to an experiment on an animal then a Muslim might accept the argument of necessity for the experiment; but it would be far preferable to look for some other method of investigation. Experiments should never be attempted lightly or without very good reason. 

BRANDING 
When domestic animals have to be branded to show ownership it obviously causes pain; the blessed Prophet forbade the branding of any part of their body except the hind quarters. “Do no brand any animal except on the part of its body furthest from its face.”(Hadith)

PROPHET’S KINDNESS TOWARDS CATS 
There are numerous stories recounting the Prophets kindness to animals, especially cats. A famous one involves a cat that had given birth to kittens on his cloack. Rather then disturb them Prophet took a knife and cut round them a generous part of his cloack as their blanket. Nafi and Ibn Umar recorded that: A woman was punished because she has kept a cat tied up until it died, and she was thrown into Hell. She had not provided with food or drink and had not freed her so that she could eat the insects of earth. (Muslim 5570 &6346).

 Prophet regarded the cats that lived alongside humans as part of the family. He even used the water they had sipping for his ablutions without regarding as unclean.

DOGS 
Muslims regard dogs as an animal whose saliva breaks wudu (ablution) for prayer. There are certain hadiths which suggests that the black dog was particularly associated with evil and satan, and that dogs should not be kept in the house. Angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a statue. (Muslim 5230). The Prophet at one time did sanction the killing of dogs but this was not an indiscriminate destroying of dogs as a species but the pruning of stray dogs and those which were infected with rabies and other dangerous diseases.

Many Muslims keep dogs for herding and protection, and respect them as hard-working and devoted loyal animals, and there is mention of the permissibility of hunting with the dog in the Qur’an. The Prophet ordered the killing of dogs and then afterwards said: ‘Why are people killing them?  He granted permission to keep the dog for hunting and for security of the herd and said: ‘ If your dog licks your utensil wash it seven times and rub it with earth the eighth time.’(Abu Dawud 74). Following two stories are representative of the attitude of the Prophet toward the animal despised by some people.

Once during a severe famine a student of religion saw a dog lying on the ground so weak that it could not even move. The student felt pity and immediately sold his books and bought food to give to the dog. That very moment he heard a voice ‘You need not work so hard to acquire religious knowledge, my son. We have bestowed knowledge upon you.’(The Muslim story- The Muslim voice, jan 1990). Once, while a man was going his way felt thirsty. He found a well and went down in it, drank water and came out. Suddenly he noticed a dog panting and dying of thirst. He went down again into well, filled his leather socks with water and came up and gave water to the dog,. Allah liked his action and forgave him (Abu Dawud 2544)       


MISCELLANEOUS 
There is a hadith recording the Prophet’s anger when someone who got stung by an ant in vengeance wiped out the whole colony. Prophet once became very angry when he saw some people who had tied up a hen and were shooting arrows at it for fun. Prophet promptly forbade tying up animals and making target of them. Prophet rebuked his wife Aishah who had mounted a wild camel and was making it spin round and round. 

HALAL SLAUGHTER

Muslims may not eat any sort of meat, unless it has been killed in the quickest and most painless manner, and with prayer in the name of Allah. ‘O ’believers! Eat of the good things that we have provided for you, and be grateful to Allah, if it is Him you worship. He has only forbidden you carrion meat and blood and the flesh of pigs, and that on which any name other than the name of Allah has been invoked.’(2:173;5:3)

Shaddad b. Aus has recorded “Truly Allah has commanded goodness in everything; so when you kill, kill in a good way, and when you slaughter, slaughter in a good way. Every one of you should make his knife sharp and let the slaughtered animal die comfortably. (Muslim 4810). There is growing trend towards vegetarianism among Muslims but this is purely a matter of individual conscience. It is not compulsory to eat meet to be a good Muslim.

Muslim do not agree with the methods of slaughter common in the west, in which animals are supposed to be stunned electrically before slaughter. The stunning often kills them. They maintain that to cut the throat with a very sharp knife is the least painful method and not electrocution. The slaughtering is done by either cutting the throat or by piercing the hollow of the throat. The best way is to cut the windpipe, the gullet, and the two jugular veins.

When Muslim kills an animal they have to observe certain rules. The knife that will kill the beast is never to be sharpened in front of it. The creature is to go to its death in a kind atmosphere, well fed and watered, not in the slaughterhouse ambiance of torture and terror. Islam prohibits slaughter of one animal in front of another for the same reason. Animal should be killed quickly while the prayer is being said.

Some Muslims refuse to eat any meat unless they know for certain that it is halal, but it would seem from the Prophet’s recommendation that this is an extremist attitude. Aishah recorded that the Prophet was once told that people bring us meat and we do not know whether they have mentioned the name of Allah over it or not. Shall we eat it or not? The Holy Prophet replied ‘Mention the name of Allah and eat’.(Bhukhari).   

                                                                                                  By
                                                                                                  Col MZU Siddiquie,SM